Auguste nieuwenhuys



(No Model.) I

A. NIEUWENHUYS.

DIOETRIC LENS POR RAILWAY GARRIAGE LIGHTS. No. 478,015. PatentedJune 28, 1892.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE,

AUGUSTE NIEUWENHUYS, OF BR USSELS, BELGIUM. I

DIOPTRIC LENS FOR RAlLWAY-CARRIAGE LIGHTS.,

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 478,015, dated June 28, 1892. Application filed January 27, 1892. Serial Ne. 419,&23. (No model Patented in Belgium January 11, 1892,'No. 73.883.

To all whom it may concern;

Beitknown thatLAUGUsTE NIEUWENHUYS, of Brussels, in the Kingdom of Belgium, have invented new and useful Improvements in Dioptric Lenses for Railway-Carriage Lights, (for which no patent has been obtained in any country, except in Belgium, ou January 11, 1892, No. of Oertificate 73,S83,) of which the following is a specification.

The object of the present invention is to increase the brightness and steady the vacillating light generally found in railway carriages or coups by conoentrating the lumi nous rays emitted by the lighting appliauces, of whatever kind they nay be, by means of a glass or Crystal projeetor of special lenticular Construction which is applied around the usual glass globe of the lamp. By this means is obtained a much more intense and steady light, less fatiguing to the eye and enabling one to read easily when at present no reading is possible.

In order to explain the action of the new projector or globe of concentration it is shown in Vertical section in the annexed drawing, which shows it applied to the ceiling of a carriage with a lamp or other illuminant of any kind-oil, gas, or electricity.

L is the lamp inserted in the ordinary chimney C. G is the ordinary glass globe which incloses it, and P is the projector or globe of concentration, which is Suspended by a fiange 7' iu a circular groove m.

In order to eftect concentration of the light, the walls of the projector must be of lenticular form, such that the light is projected and concentrated in all directions. It is therefore necessary to conbine several lenticular bodies, the surface of the whole of these being approximately that of a sphere concentrie with theflane or illuminant. In the present example theproblem is solved by combining a lenticular conveX ring A, sonewhat eonical,

in section, with a horizontal convex lens B,

forming the bottom, the whole being a kind ot' globe which can easily be made in one piece and the external spherical surface of which accurately reflects all the luminous rays in all directions, thus shedding great light throughout the compartment. V

It might be objected that by the use of the projector P the ordinary globe becomes superfiuous and that the projector alone would suflice; but there would bea seriousineonvenience in doing away with the glass globe, because the heatot the lamp L would be received directly on the projector P, which might cause it to crack, particularly along the line of junetion of the lenticular ring A with the lens B, the thickness of glass along this circle being out of proportion to therest. This risk is completely avoided by retaining the globe G, which prevents the heat from reaching the projector, the temperature of which remains the more uniforn as its interioris ventilated by its communication With the chimuey C. The result'` is therefore attained in a most satisfactory way simply by applying the globe to a lamp of any nature or Construction for `pertectly lighting a railway-carriage.

AUGUSTE NIEUWENHUYS.

Witnesses:

AUG. ZOERIUCU, JosEPH GOFFIN. 

